The 2004 Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA) was a landmark initiative which served as the foundation for many conservation actions world-wide. The assessment provided evidence of alarming declines in amphibians, with one third of the > 5,700 species under risk of extinction. However, it is now ten years since this first comprehensive African amphibian assessment was undertaken. Since 2004, over 1,200 amphibian species have been described or revalidated. In addition, a wealth of new field data can potentially improve assessments of the conservation status of species. These changes will necessarily have implications for amphibian conservation. On-the-ground conservation is informed by conservation assessments, which allow for the establishment of global baselines for biodiversity monitoring. The identification of priority species and areas is achieved in great part due to conservation assessments, and tracking changes in species and areas is thus fundamental for informing conservation action. This is only possible if assessments are maintained to make them accurate and precise. SubSaharan Africa has a rich and unique amphibian fauna, with mainly endemic families and genera. The region contains 1011 species. Of these, 263 are threatened, with many having highly restricted distributions. One region of high amphibian species richness is the Eastern Afromontane region, a recognized global biodiversity hotspot with 181 amphibian species, 167 of which have been assessed. Of these, 40% are threatened – a high proportion compared to the global average. Habitat loss, detrimental environmental change and/or spread of emerging infectious diseases such as chytridiomycosis are all likely having a big impact on amphibians in this region. However, currently our understanding of the amphibian fauna of this region is patchy in coverage and quality and requires disparate pieces of information to be linked. The focus on this region is urgently required given its high species richness and the serious ongoing habitat changes. We aim to reassess all threatened subSaharan African amphibians in June 2012. Furthermore, we will also assess the conservation needs of the threatened species. In order to achieve these goals, the specific aim in this proposal is to fund costs of transport and accommodation of individuals with expertise in Eastern Afromontane amphibians based in Africa. The re-assessment will coincide with our international meeting of the African Amphibian Working Group. Coinciding the assessment with the meeting will provide the availability of over 30 more international experts in the assessment. During the meeting we have a set of specific goals: (1) Re-assess all threatened African amphibians, (2) Undertake a conservation needs assessment of threatened species, (3) To develop a book outlining the conservation needs for Eastern Afromontane amphibians, (4) Produce scientific manuscripts outlining the main findings, (5) Utilize the data to update web-based databases (e.g. IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM), (6) Compile a top 10 list for the most threatened African amphibians and use to lobby for their conservation. Overall, we expect the assessment to provide a vital update to the status of the highly threatened amphibian fauna of Africa, and thereby contribute to their long-term conservation and preservation.