Interrill soil erosion processes potentially mobilize up to 1.6 Gt of Carbon per year on agricultural land globally. However, neither the actual amount nor the fate of the mobilized Carbon are clear. This represents a major gap in our understanding of the interaction between soils, in particular cropland soils and their management, and the global climate. This project focuses on both of these open issues. Initially, using rainfall simulation experiments, a model for assessing the amount of C mobilized by interrill processes is developed (Phase 1). Once the amount has been determined and appears relevant for the global C cycle, respiration tests will be applied to assess the potential impact of interrill erosion processes on the global C cycle.