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Biocatalytic C3-Indole Methylation-A Useful Tool for the Natural-Product-Inspired Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrroloindoles
Journal
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
Volume
60
Number
43
Pages / Article-Number
23412-23418
Keywords
SAM recycling; biocatalysis; methyl transferase; natural products; physostigmine
Mesh terms
Biocatalysis; Indoles, chemical synthesis; Kinetics; Methylation; Methyltransferases, chemistry; Pyrroles, chemical synthesis; S-Adenosylmethionine, chemistry; Stereoisomerism; Streptomyces, enzymology
Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of bioactive compounds bearing a pyrroloindole framework is often laborious. In contrast, there are several S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent methyl transferases known for stereo- and regioselective methylation at the C3 position of various indoles, directly leading to the formation of the desired pyrroloindole moiety. Herein, the SAM-dependent methyl transferase PsmD from Streptomyces griseofuscus, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of physostigmine, is characterized in detail. The biochemical properties of PsmD and its substrate scope were demonstrated. Preparative scale enzymatic methylation including SAM regeneration was achieved for three selected substrates after a design-of-experiment optimization
