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Acute effects of interval versus continuous endurance training on pulse wave reflection in healthy young men
Journal
Atherosclerosis
Volume
238
Number
2
Pages / Article-Number
399-406
Keywords
Arterial stiffness, Augmentation index, Pulse wave monitoring, Exercise, High intensity interval training
Mesh terms
Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Healthy Volunteers; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Manometry; Oscillometry; Physical Endurance; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Pulse Wave Analysis; Resistance Training, methods; Switzerland; Time Factors; Vascular Stiffness; Young Adult
Abstract
Aim: Our aim was to investigate the acute and 24-hour (h) effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate continuous training (MCT) on arterial pulse wave reflection, an established marker of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk. Methods: In a randomized cross-over design, 21 young healthy male participants performed a HIIT or a MCT on separate visits. Before and 5 (t(5)), 20 (t(20)), 35 (t(35)), and 50 (t(50)) minutes after the acute exercise bouts, the crude augmentation index (AIx) and the AIx at a set heart rate (AIx@75) were analysed by applanation tonometry. Starting 1 h post-exercise, both indices were captured over 24-h with an oscillometric monitoring device. Results: AIx did not change significantly after MCT but declined progressively after HIIT, reaching significantly lower values compared to MCT at t(35) (P = 0.045) and t(50) (P = 0.008). AIx@75 increased after both acute exercise types but was higher after HIIT at t(5) (P < 0.001), t(20) (P < 0.001) and t(35) (P = 0.009) compared to MCT. The 24-h follow-up revealed a significant decline in AIx@75 after HIIT (P = 0.007) but not after MCT (P = 0.813). Conclusions: Exercise intensity affects pulse wave reflection, with different time courses for AIx and AIx@75 post-exercise. Although initially higher after HIIT, AIx@75 declines in the 24-h recovery period indicating more favourable effects on pulse wave reflection compared to MCT. This may result in substantial positive chronic training effects on arterial stiffness in health and cardiovascular disease. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.