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Common mycorrhizal networks: Impact on biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and sustainable land use.
Third-party funded project
Project title Common mycorrhizal networks: Impact on biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and sustainable land use.
Principal Investigator(s) Wiemken, Andres M.
Co-Investigator(s) Boller, Thomas
Organisation / Research unit Departement Umweltwissenschaften / Pflanzenphysiologie Zuckermetabolismus (Wiemken)
Project start 01.06.2010
Probable end 31.05.2012
Status Completed
Abstract

The main topic in the current phase of our project concerns the mycorrhiza (Greek for "fungus-root"), arguably the most common but still largely enigmatic mutualistic symbiosis on land fulfilling a key role in terrestrial ecosystems: it is responsible for establishing the basic linkage of the plants as the primary producers of the biosphere to the soil and bedrock of the pedo- and lithosphere. In this symbiosis, the mycorrhizal fungi spread out in the soil with an intricate mycelial network, foraging for nutrients that are delivered to their plant partners in exchange for products of photosynthesis. These extended networks belowground exert also many other key functions for maintaining natural soil fertility such as preventing losses in the process of nutrient cycling, stabilization of soil structure counteracting erosion and sequestration of carbon in the soil. The mycorrhizal networks are known also to form linkages between roots of different plants. Currently our main interest is to explore interactions between such interconnected plants. Using isotope tracer techniques, we measure the investments of co-existing plants for the build-up and maintenance of common mycorrhizal networks and conversely, the return of these investments by the gain of mineral nutrients via these networks. We found that the returns of investments in shared networks are not necessarily balanced, with plants contributing much but profiting little and vice versa. We are particularly interested in the functioning of mycorrhizal networks shared between plants belonging to different functional groups (e.g. grasses, legumes etc.) where mutual facilitation has been observed. Moreover we want to assess the capability of plants to integrate in preformed mycorrhizal networks (e.g. seedlings, invasive plants, annual crops in agro-forestry and mixed-cropping systems) and to select the fungal species most awarding for them as symbiotic partner when exposed to diverse fungal communities. To tackle such questions, we developed new molecular tools allowing a specific tracing of individual fungal strains in colonized roots. These techniques are of relevance also in the current endeavor to develop more sustainable agricultural systems demanding less input of mineral fertilizers by the use of mycorrhizal fungi as "bio-fertilizers".

 

Keywords mycorrhiza, plant-microbe interactions, soil microbiota, agro-ecology,
Financed by Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)

Published results ()

  ID Autor(en) Titel ISSN / ISBN Erschienen in Art der Publikation
487772  Hildermann, Isabell; Messmer, Monika; Dubois, David; Boller, Thomas; Wiemken, Andres; Mäder, Paul  Nutrient use efficiency and arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonisation of winter wheat cultivars in different farming systems of the DOK long-term trial  1097-0010  Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
487819  Krauss, M.; Berner, A.; Burger, D.; Wiemken, A.; Niggli, U.; Maeder, P.  Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: implications for crop management and forage production  0038-0717  Soil Use and Management  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
487820  Tchabi, Atti; Coyne, Danny; Hountondji, Fabien; Lawouin, Louis; Wiemken, Andres; Oehl, Fritz  Efficacy of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for promoting white yam (; Dioscorea rotundata; ) growth in West Africa  0929-1393  Applied soil ecology  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
489051  Hildermann, Isabell  Performance of winter wheat cultivars in organic and conventional farming systems      Publication: Thesis (Dissertationen, Habilitationen) 
489060  Börstler, Boris  Diversity of cultured isolates and field populations of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices: Development and application of molecular detection methods for mitochondrial haplotypes      Publication: Thesis (Dissertationen, Habilitationen) 
489063  Thiéry, Odile  Molecular markers from the mitochondrial genome of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota): evolutionary dynamics and application      Publication: Thesis (Dissertationen, Habilitationen) 
489681  Börstler, Boris; Thiéry, Odile; Sýkorová, Zuzana; Berner, Alfred; Redecker, Dirk  Diversity of mitochondrial large subunit rDNA haplotypes of Glomus intraradices in two agricultural field experiments and two semi-natural grasslands  0962-1083  Molecular ecology  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
489683  Thiéry, Odile; Börstler, Boris; Ineichen, Kurt; Redecker, Dirk  Evolutionary dynamics of introns and homing endonuclease ORFs in a region of the large subunit of the mitochondrial rRNA in Glomus species (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomeromycota)  1055-7903  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006532  Al-Yahya'ei, M.; Oehl, F.; Vallino, M.; Lumini, E.; Redecker, D.; Wiemken, A.; Bonfante, P.  Unique arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities uncovered in date palm plantations and surrounding desert habitats of Southern Arabia  0940-6360 ; 1432-1890  Mycorrhiza  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006540  Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel; Labbe, J.; Kohler, A.; Marcais, B.; Bastien, C.; Churin, J. L.; Garbaye, J.; Le Tacon, F.  Effect of poplar genotypes on mycorrhizal infection and secreted enzyme activities in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots  0022-0957 ; 1460-2431  Journal of Experimental Botany  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006550  Mäder, P.; Kaiser, F.; Adholeya, A.; Singh, R.; Uppal, H. S.; Sharma, A. K.; Srivastava, R.; Sahai, V.; Aragno, M.; Wiemken, A.; Johri, B. N.; Fried, P. M.  Inoculation of root microorganisms for sustainable wheat-rice and wheat-black gram rotations in India  0038-0717 ; 1879-3428  Soil Biology and Biochemistry  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006553  Oehl, F.; Schneider, D.; Sieverding, E.; Burga, C. A.  Succession of arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in the foreland of the retreating Morteratsch glacier in the Central Alps  0031-4056 ; 1873-1511  Pedobiologia  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006554  Pritsch, K.; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel; Churin, J. L.; Cloutier-Hurteau, B.; Ali, M. A.; Damon, C.; Duchemin, M.; Egli, S.; Ernst, J.; Fraissinet-Tachet, L.; Kuhar, F.; Legname, E.; Marmeisse, R.; Muller, A.; Nikolova, P.; Peter, M.; Plassard, C.; Richard, F.; Schloter, M.; Selosse, M. A.; Franc, A.; Garbaye, J.  Optimized assay and storage conditions for enzyme activity profiling of ectomycorrhizae  0940-6360 ; 1432-1890  Mycorrhiza  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1006561  Weiss, M.; Sykorova, Z.; Garnica, S.; Riess, K.; Martos, F.; Krause, C.; Oberwinkler, F.; Bauer, R.; Redecker, D.  Sebacinales everywhere: Previously overlooked ubiquitous fungal endophytes  1932-6203  PLoS ONE  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1530011  Blum, Mathias; Gamper, Hannes A; Waldner, Maya; Sierotzki, Helge; Gisi, Ulrich  The cellulose synthase 3 (CesA3) gene of oomycetes : structure, phylogeny and influence on sensitivity to carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicides  1878-6146  Fungal biology  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1530013  Oehl, Fritz; Sieverding, Ewald; Palenzuela, Javier; Ineichen, Kurt; Alves da Silva, Gladstone  Advances in Glomeromycota taxonomy and classification    IMA fungus  Publication: JournalArticle (Originalarbeit in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift) 
1536969  Walder, Florian  Common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: trade of carbon and soil nutrients between different plant species and their shared fungal symbiont      Publication: Thesis (Dissertationen, Habilitationen) 
   

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