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Performance of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay in an active case-finding strategy : a pilot study from Tanzania
Journal
The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume
16
Number
11
Pages
1468-70
Keywords
household contacts, spot-spot sputum samples, index cases
Abstract
In this pilot study, we evaluated the Xpert((R)) MTB/RIF assay in an active case-finding strategy, using two spot sputum samples collected within a 1-hour interval from household contacts of smear-positive TB index cases. Tuberculosis (TB) confirmed by culture served as the reference standard. Among 219 enrolled contacts, the yield of active TB was 2.3%. While the sensitivity of smear microscopy was 60% (95%CI 14.7-94.7), Xpert MTB/RIF achieved a sensitivity of 100% (95%CI 47.81-100.0). All culture-confirmed cases tested positive by Xpert MTB/RIF on the first submitted sample, suggesting that the evaluation of only one sample could be sufficient for TB diagnosis in this context
