Data Entry: Please note that the research database will be replaced by UNIverse by the end of October 2023. Please enter your data into the system https://universe-intern.unibas.ch. Thanks

Login for users with Unibas email account...

Login for registered users without Unibas email account...

 
Alkohol, Alkoholismus und Arzneimittel
JournalItem (Reviews, Editorials, Rezensionen, Urteilsanmerkungen etc. in einer wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift)
 
ID 167630
Author(s) Meier, P. J.
Author(s) at UniBasel Meier-Abt, Peter J.
Year 1985
Title Alkohol, Alkoholismus und Arzneimittel
Journal Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift
Volume Jg. 115, Nr. 50
Pages 1792-1803
Abstract Abuse of alcohol (ethanol) and abuse of an increasing number of drugs (e.g. analgesics and sedatives) are among the outstanding social and medical problems of many industrialized countries including Switzerland. Since alcohol consumption has profound effects on both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic actions of a variety of drugs, the rational use of drugs in alcoholics is an increasingly difficult task and requires a thorough understanding of the physiologic, biochemical, pharmacologic and toxic actions of alcohol. Clinically the most important targets of alcohol action are the liver and the central nervous system (CNS), both of which are frequently involved in the mediation of potentially fatal interactions between drugs and alcohol. In practice the most important of these interactions include (a) inhibition of hepatic (cytochrome P450 dependent) drug oxidation by acute alcohol ingestion resulting in increased bioavailability of drugs that are predominantly excreted by hepatic metabolism, (b) inhibition of acetaldehydedehydrogenase by some drugs with production of an acute flushing reaction to alcohol, (c) increased sensitivity of the CNS to a variety of sedative drugs following acute alcohol ingestion leading to enhanced CNS toxicity of most psychoactive drugs, (d) stimulation of hepatic drug oxidation and decreased CNS sensitivity to sedatives after chronic alcohol abuse, thus explaining the "metabolic" and pharmacodynamic tolerance of these patients towards psychoactive agents, and (e) depressed drug metabolism and increased CNS sensitivity to sedative and hypnotic drugs in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The mechanisms and practical consequences of the clinically most important influences of acute and chronic alcohol ingestion on the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamic actions of drugs are outlined.
Publisher Benno Schwabe
ISSN/ISBN 0036-7672
edoc-URL http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5261804
Full Text on edoc No
PubMed ID http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3911383
Document type (ISI) Article
Additional Information Note: Standartisierter englischer Titel: Alcohol, alcoholism and drugs -- Note: Summary in english
 
   

MCSS v5.8 PRO. 0.329 sec, queries - 0.000 sec ©Universität Basel  |  Impressum   |    
29/03/2024