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Despite studies demonstrating that the annual influenza vaccination of health care workers (HCWs) is associated with a reduction in morbidity and mortality among the patients they care for, and many health care organizations around the world having voluntary programs to provide the influenza vaccine to HCWs free of charge, vaccination rates among HCWs worldwide are very poor, with only approximately 4% to 40% coverage rates being achieved. With these low rates posing a serious health threat to the vulnerable patient populations in HCWs care, this has been a controversial issue for a number of years now. There has not been, however, an adequate ethical analysis of the duty of care in relation to this issue.We seek to remedy that situation and argue that there is an ethical basis in the duties attached to health care work for HCWs to be vaccinated against influenza.