Population genetics contributes important knowledge to the preservation of species. In endangered species, genetical management of captive populations and of natural populations in isolated habitats is necessary for the short term survival of the species (avoidance of inbreeding) and for the long term maintenance of the adaptability of the species (preservation of genetic diversity). In collaboration with Basel Zoo, we study population genetical aspects of the world wide captive breeding populations of the pygmy hippopotamus, the Indian rhinoceros and other mammal species, to form the basis for the breeding programs.